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Description

This analytic identifies a critical template injection vulnerability (CVE-2023-22527) in outdated versions of Confluence Data Center and Server, which allows an unauthenticated attacker to execute arbitrary code remotely. The vulnerability is exploited by injecting OGNL (Object-Graph Navigation Language) expressions into the application, as evidenced by POST requests to the "/template/aui/text-inline.vm" endpoint with specific content types and payloads. The search looks for POST requests with HTTP status codes 200 or 202, which may indicate successful exploitation attempts. Immediate patching to the latest version of Confluence is strongly recommended, as there are no known workarounds. This detection is crucial for identifying and responding to potential RCE attacks, ensuring that affected Confluence instances are secured against this critical threat.

  • Type: TTP
  • Product: Splunk Enterprise, Splunk Enterprise Security, Splunk Cloud
  • Datamodel: Web
  • Last Updated: 2024-01-22
  • Author: Michael Haag, Splunk
  • ID: f56936c0-ae6f-4eeb-91ff-ecc1448c6105

Annotations

ATT&CK

ATT&CK

ID Technique Tactic
T1190 Exploit Public-Facing Application Initial Access
Kill Chain Phase
  • Delivery
NIST
  • DE.CM
CIS20
  • CIS 13
CVE
ID Summary CVSS
CVE-2023-22527 A template injection vulnerability on older versions of Confluence Data Center and Server allows an unauthenticated attacker to achieve RCE on an affected instance. Customers using an affected version must take immediate action.  
Most recent supported versions of Confluence Data Center and Server are not affected by this vulnerability as it was ultimately mitigated during regular version updates. However, Atlassian recommends that customers take care to install the latest version to protect their instances from non-critical vulnerabilities outlined in Atlassian’s January Security Bulletin. None 


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| tstats count min(_time) as firstTime max(_time) as lastTime from datamodel=Web where Web.url="*/template/aui/text-inline.vm*" Web.http_method=POST Web.status IN (200, 202) by Web.src, Web.dest, Web.http_user_agent, Web.url, Web.status 
| `drop_dm_object_name("Web")` 
| `security_content_ctime(firstTime)` 
| `security_content_ctime(lastTime)` 
| `confluence_pre_auth_rce_via_ognl_injection_cve_2023_22527_filter`

Macros

The SPL above uses the following Macros:

:information_source: confluence_pre-auth_rce_via_ognl_injection_cve-2023-22527_filter is a empty macro by default. It allows the user to filter out any results (false positives) without editing the SPL.

Required fields

List of fields required to use this analytic.

  • Web.src
  • Web.dest
  • Web.http_user_agent
  • Web.url
  • Web.status

How To Implement

To successfully implement this search you need to be ingesting information on Web traffic that include fields relavent for traffic into the Web datamodel.

Known False Positives

False positives may be present with legitimate applications. Attempt to filter by dest IP or use Asset groups to restrict to confluence servers.

Associated Analytic Story

RBA

Risk Score Impact Confidence Message
81.0 90 90 Exploitation attempts on a known vulnerability in Atlassian Confluence detected. The source IP is $src$ and the destination hostname is $dest$.

:information_source: The Risk Score is calculated by the following formula: Risk Score = (Impact * Confidence/100). Initial Confidence and Impact is set by the analytic author.

Reference

Test Dataset

Replay any dataset to Splunk Enterprise by using our replay.py tool or the UI. Alternatively you can replay a dataset into a Splunk Attack Range

source | version: 1