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Description

The following analytic identifies the use of WMI Event Subscription to establish persistence or perform privilege escalation. WMI can be used to install event filters, providers, consumers, and bindings that execute code when a defined event occurs. WMI subscription execution is proxied by the WMI Provider Host process (WmiPrvSe.exe) and thus may result in elevated SYSTEM privileges. This analytic is restricted by commonly added process execution and a path. If the volume is low enough, remove the values and flag on any new subscriptions.
All event subscriptions have three components \

  1. Filter - WQL Query for the events we want. EventID equals 19 \
  2. Consumer - An action to take upon triggering the filter. EventID equals 20 \
  3. Binding - Registers a filter to a consumer. EventID equals 21
    Monitor for the creation of new WMI EventFilter, EventConsumer, and FilterToConsumerBinding. It may be pertinent to review all 3 to identify the flow of execution. In addition, EventCode 4104 may assist with any other PowerShell script usage that registered the subscription.
  • Type: TTP
  • Product: Splunk Enterprise, Splunk Enterprise Security, Splunk Cloud

  • Last Updated: 2021-06-16
  • Author: Michael Haag, Splunk
  • ID: 01d9a0c2-cece-11eb-ab46-acde48001122

Annotations

ATT&CK

ATT&CK

ID Technique Tactic
T1546.003 Windows Management Instrumentation Event Subscription Privilege Escalation, Persistence
T1546 Event Triggered Execution Privilege Escalation, Persistence
Kill Chain Phase
  • Exploitation
  • Installation
NIST
  • DE.CM
CIS20
  • CIS 10
CVE
1
2
3
4
5
6
`sysmon` EventID=20 
| stats count min(_time) as firstTime max(_time) as lastTime by Computer User Destination 
| rename Computer as dest 
| `security_content_ctime(firstTime)` 
| `security_content_ctime(lastTime)` 
| `detect_wmi_event_subscription_persistence_filter`

Macros

The SPL above uses the following Macros:

:information_source: detect_wmi_event_subscription_persistence_filter is a empty macro by default. It allows the user to filter out any results (false positives) without editing the SPL.

Required fields

List of fields required to use this analytic.

  • _time
  • Destination
  • dest
  • User

How To Implement

To successfully implement this search, you need to be ingesting logs with that provide WMI Event Subscription from your endpoints. If you are using Sysmon, you must have at least version 6.0.4 of the Sysmon TA and have enabled EventID 19, 20 and 21. Tune and filter known good to limit the volume.

Known False Positives

It is possible some applications will create a consumer and may be required to be filtered. For tuning, add any additional LOLBin's for further depth of coverage.

Associated Analytic Story

RBA

Risk Score Impact Confidence Message
63.0 70 90 Possible malicious WMI Subscription created on $dest$

:information_source: The Risk Score is calculated by the following formula: Risk Score = (Impact * Confidence/100). Initial Confidence and Impact is set by the analytic author.

Reference

Test Dataset

Replay any dataset to Splunk Enterprise by using our replay.py tool or the UI. Alternatively you can replay a dataset into a Splunk Attack Range

source | version: 1